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structured Decision Making: Cheat Sheet for Managers

There are several different methods and procedures for structured decision making. Below we discuss the Six-Factor Analysis method. Six factor Analysis is a method of structured decision making that is neither difficult, nor complex, but can greatly assist in arriving at a higher quality decision, and taking the emotion and bias out of the process. This structured decision making tool is best used when you need to compare several possible solutions or improvements. No structured decision making method will completely remove subjectivity, but the six factor analysis will certainly help.

Step 1 – Brainstorm Your Options

The first step in structured decision making is to generate a list of multiple possible solutions or improvements to your question or situation. Brainstorming is most effective when ideas are listed without judgment. A structured decision making process will help you to judge your ideas after this steps. For now, just write down as many ideas as you can that are relevant to your situation.

Step 2 – Decide on the Criteria by Which to Evaluate Ideas

Regardless of what process you choose for structured decision making, it is critical to adjust the criteria to suit your individual situation. These will vary widely, based on the circumstances, but here are the six basic factors commonly used in this structured decision making process:

1.Effectiveness – How much will the solution improve the situation?
2.Feasibility – How “do-able” is the solution?
3.Cost – How much expense will be incurred in implementing the solution?
4.Time – How soon can the improvement be implemented?
5.Capability – Does your team have the time, skills, knowledge, and authority to make the improvement?
6.Enthusiasm – how enthusiastic are your team and other stakeholders about the improvement?

Again, any structured decision making process is best used when the generic criteria are added to or modified according to the situation.

Step 3 – weight Your Criteria

Not all criteria in a structured decision making process should be valued the same. For example, in your situation, capability may be of paramount importance, and therefore may be weighted more heavily than the rest.

Consider the weights of your various criteria in terms of percentage. For example:

Effectiveness: 25%
Feasibility : 15%
Cost: 30%
Time: 10%
Capability: 10%
Enthusiasm: 10%

If you are having a hard time selecting weights for your structured decision making process, you may wish to compare each criteria to every other one individually, putting a check mark beside the most important one in each comparison, and then counting up the checkmarks to arrive at a percentage.

Step 4 – Put Your Solutions and Criteria in a table, and Score

To make your structured decision making process easy to use, put your criteria as column headings, with your potential solutions or alternatives in the left hand column.

work your way across the table assigning a score to each empty box. You can score each one on whatever scale you choose, as long as you use the same scale. We would suggest to assign a score of 1 – 5, with 5 being the highest or best score.

Next multiply your score times the weight to come up with a number for each criteria of each option. When you add all the weighted scores together, you arrive at a total score for that option. The option with the highest total score should become the one you move to action on.

HINT: A structured decision making process such as this is much easier if it is done on a spreadsheet that can automatically do the math for you.

Visit us at www.wilymanager.com for more information about Structured Decision Making and other Management tips and Management videos.

If you want to learn more about structured decision making, we really like this site:
Overview Of Structured Decision Making

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